Supervisor(s): Central Station of Chinese Medicinal Materials Information Sponsor(s): Central Station of Chinese Medicinal Materials Information; State Food and Drug Administration CN：44-1286/R
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials is supervised by Central Station of Chinese Medicinal Materials Information and sponsored by Central Station of Chinese Medicinal Materials Information and State Food and Drug Administration. The journal covers research article of Chinese herbal medicine planting and raising technology, resource exploitation and utilization, concocted processing maintenance of medicinal herbs, identification, ingredient, pharmacology, preparations, and pharmacy.
The journal is included in CA, JST and CSCD.
Objective: To investigate the phenotypic trait variation range of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and to look for phenotypic traits closely related with yield, in order to provide reference for its breeding in the future. Methods: Wild plants of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis polulations cultivated for three years in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province were chosen. The plants of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis were randomly labeled, its phenotypic traits were observed and analyzed by variation, principal component, correlation, variation and path analysis. Results: Eleven phenotypic traits variation of the populations of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis were great, mainly distributed in yield, growth and genetic characteristics. Phenotypic trait of different growth years (4–10 years) including stem height, stem diameter, flower stem height, flower stem diameter, leaf number, leaf length and leaf width had no significant difference (P > 0.05). The underground phenotypic traits including root weight, root length and root diameter increased significantly (P < 0.5) with plant growth years. Effect of the other phenotypic traits on root weight was as follows: root diameter (0.255 0) > root growth years (0.118 3) > root length (0.020 2) > stem diameter (0.008 1) > stem height (0.004 4) > leaf number (0.002 5) > leaf length (0.001 8) > leaf width (0.000 4) > flower stem height (0.000 3) > flower stem diameter (0.000 1). Conclusion: The phenotypic traits on yield, growth and genetic characteristics have rich variations, and the phenotypic traits on the ground have no relationship with plant growth years, the plant growth years mainly affect the underground phenotypic traits. When choosing different root types, root diameter can be used as the preferred character, stem diameter as the second preferred traits when the root traits information not easily obtained.
Objective: To study the dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake of Shiyao Angelica sinensis, in order to provide theoretical basis for reasonable fertilization. Methods: The aerial part (stems and leaves) and root were collected in different growth periods, and the fresh weight, dry weight and contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were measured. Results: The dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake were well fitted a Logistic equation with the increase of the number of days after sowing. In the early stage of Shiyao Angelica sinensis growth, the dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake were very slow. Beginning in late July, the dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake of stems and leaves sped up. Starting from the occurrence peak in August, the roots of nutrient uptake sped up. In late September, the dry matter accumulation of root reached a peak. In early October, the dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake slowed down significantly. The middle of October was the harvest time. Conclusion: Some phosphorus should be applied as base fertilizer in the plantation of Shiyao Angelica sinensis, and nitrogen should be applied as top fertilizer in different growth periods.
Objective: To screen out an effective method of controlling pests on American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium). Methods: The germinating seeds of the plant from two growers in Liuba County, Shaanxi Province, were collected and potted in pest-residing sandy soils indoors. Four pesticides (imidacloprid wettable powders, fludioxonil flowable concentrate for seed coating, chlorpyrifos granules and chlorpyrifos·phoxim granules) in different modes and doses were applied, and their effects were assayed. Results: Pests were largely enchytraeid (Enchytraeus bulbosus), root mite (Rhizoglyphus robini) and two root rot fungi (Cylindrocarpon destructans and Phytophthora cactorum), which could be transmitted by both seed and soil. The treatment of dressing or soaking seeds in mixed solution of imidacloprid 25WP and fludioxonil 2.5SD plus blending the pest-residing sandy soil with chlorpyrifos·phoxim 5G displayed significant effects of both controlling pests and keeping stand of seedlings (P < 0.05); whereas each of the three pesticides exhibited a middle-class effect when applied alone, and chlorpyrifos 10G showed little effect when applied singly. Conclusion: The combined approach of seed and soil-treatments is able to efficiently reduce damages caused by seed-and soil-born pests, and become one optimal measure protecting seedlings, and is thus suggested to demonstrate and extend in the pests' infestation areas.
Objective: To study the effects of different growing years on the accumulation of flavonoids and saponins in Astragali Radix, in order to offer evidence to determine the most appropriate harvest time. Methods: HPLC method was developed for the determination of the contents of flavonoids and saponins. Results: The contents of flavonoids and saponins in different growing years of Astragali Radix existed obvious differences, the longer growing,the content was relatively higher. Conclusion: With the increase of growing years, the contents of flavonoids and saponins are roughly rising year by year, the harvest time has a great influence on the accumulation of the compositions.
Objective: To study the potential ecological suitability regionalization of Angelica sinensis, for protecting wild resources and selecting cultivation location and designing rational production layout. Methods: Based on fuzzy matter element model, the relationship of fuzzy membership function between ferulic acid content and 14 ecological factors, including climate, topography and soil, were established. Then information entropy theory was used to determine the relative importance of each environmental factor, and thus to determine the most limiting habitat criteria. Finally, the probable spatial distribution of Angelica sinensis across ten provinces in Western China was determined based on GIS spatial analysis of habitat conditions. Meanwhile, the optimal index range of ecological factors was quantified. Results: It was showed that the percentage of moderately and highly suitable habitats for Angelica sinensis in the study area was 9.64%, its area was 306 768.01 km2. The moderately and highly suitable habitats were mainly located in the southeast of Gansu and Tibet, the north of Sichuan and the northwest of Yunnan. The results also showed that six dominant ecological factors controlling the distribution of Angelica sinensis. These six dominant features were as follows: (1) mean temperature of wettest quarter, (2) altitude, (3) precipitation of growth, (4) annual relative humidity, (5) average temperature of growth period, and (6) annual precipitation. Conclusion: The habitat suitability assessment model based on GIS and fuzzy matter element model theory can accurately evaluate the habitat suitability of Angelica sinensis, quantify the area of suitable habitat and analyze the spatial distribution. This information is of value to provide insight for choosing the most suitable cultivation sites,as well as the habitat protection zones.
Objective: In order to provide the basis for quality standard and processing principle of processed Asari Radix et Rhizoma, an HPLC fingerprint of processed Asari Radix et Rhizoma was established and the contents of methyl eugenol and asarinin were determined. Methods: The analytical column was Agligent Tc-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm); A mixture of acetonitrile-0.2% acetic acid solution was used as the mobile phase with gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The wavelength was set at 285 nm and the column temperature was 30 °C. Results: The fingerprint of processed Asari Radix et Rhizoma was established. The asarinin peak was taken as the reference peak. 22 common peaks were assigned, and two peaks were confirmed by comparing with the reference standards. The difference of components was not significant among the various processed products except ginger, honey and stir-frying to brown products, but the contents of effective constituents were different among the processed products. The retention rate of methyl eugenol in processed products was in a descending order as follows: wine > vinegar > liquorice > alkali-vinegar > stir-frying to brown > rice water system > honey> ginger > salt system > alkali. Methyl eugenol was increased 10%–20% with wine processing and retained more than 95% with vinegar. The retention rate of asarinin in processed products was in declining as: rice water system > liquorice > alkali-vinegar > honey > salt system > wine > ginger > vinegar > alkali > stir-frying to brown. The processing techniques increased the content of asarinin except the alkali and stir-frying to brown products, and asarinin was increased more than 35% with rice water, alkali-vinegar or liquorice processing. Conclusion: The method is accurate and reliable, which can be used for the quality control of processed products of Asari Radix et Rhizoma.
Objective: To compare the difference between Polygala tenuifolia root bark and root using HPLC fingerprint analysis and active components determination. Methods: Three main characteristic components including tenuifolin, polygalaxanthone Ⅲ, and 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose in different Polygala tenuifolia samples were determined by HPLC. The fingerprint methods were optimized. Then, the similarity evaluation and multivariate statistical analysis were applied in the post-processing data analysis. Results: There was a high similarity in 15 batches of Polygala tenuifolia samples and its similarity coefficient was greater than 0.9. The Polygala tenuifolia root bark and root could be clearly separated by the cluster analysis and/or the principal component analysis due to significant differences of the content of polygalaxanthone Ⅲ and 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose. In addition, the result of scatter plot showed that there was a high variation of tenuifolin content among all samples. The content range of polygalaxanthone Ⅲ and 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose in root bark varied relatively slight,while the content range of polygalaxanthone Ⅲ in roots varied largely. Moreover, the stacked plots suggested that it was not reasonable to evaluate the quality of Polygala tenuifolia only by a single ingredient. Conclusion: The content of 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose varies more largely than the other two active components in Polygala tenuifolia root bark and root. Polygala tenuifolia root bark and root should be selected for different clinical treatment to ensure the accuracy of its clinical use.
Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the whole plant of Sphagneticola trilobata. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques. Results: Three lignans, two indolics and two phenolic glycosides were isolated from the whole plant of Sphagneticola trilobata and identified as syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), pinoresinol-4-sulfate (2), pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (4), 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde (5), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7). Conclusion: Compounds 1–7 are isolated from the genus Wedelia for the first time. Compound 4 demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase.
Objective: To study the low polar constituents from Annona squamosa fruit pericarp. Methods: The fruit pericarp was percolated with 95% EtOH at room temperature. The extract was subjected to silica gel chromatography and eluted with Pet–EtOAc mixtures in gradient mode. The eluent after elution using Pet–EtOAc from 5:1 to 1:1 was subjected to repeated column chromatography. The constituents were identified by physicochemical property and NMR data. Results: Eight constituents were isolated and identified as tricosanoic acid (1), β-sitosterol (2), succinic acid (3), annosquamosin D (4), 4α-hydroxy-19-nor-ent-kauran-17-oic acid (5), ent-16β, 17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid (6), ent-16α, 17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid (7), and 16β-hydroxy-17-acetoxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (8). Conclusion: All constituents are firstly isolated from Annona squamosa fruit pericarp except Compound 6.
Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the ratten of Pueraria alopecuroide. Methods: Column chromatography techniques were used for compounds separation. And their structures were elucidated by physico-chemical properties and means of spectral analysis. Results: Five flavonoids were isolated from Pueraria alopecuroide and their structures were identified as: (3R)-2', 3'-dihydroxy-6, 7, 4'-trimethoxyisoflavane (1), (3R)-8, 2'-dihydroxy-7, 4'-dimethoxyisoflavane (2), (3S)-vestitol (3), (3R)-(-)-7, 2'-dihydroxy-3', 4'-dimethoxyisoflavane (4), and 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-2', 3'-dimethoxyisoflavanone (5). Conclusion: Compounds 1–5 are isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 1 is a new compound.
