Supervisor(s): Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Sponsor(s): Institute of Population and Labor Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (IPLE-CASS) CN：11-1043/C
Chinese Journal of Population Science, sponsored by Institute of Population and Labor Economics at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (IPLE-CASS), has published a large number of influential and high quality theory papers, reflects the latest academic research in the field of population and labor and interdisciplinary timely. It is a good way for people to understand the demographic development and provides theoretical information and countermeasures for the state and government decision-making departments. Chinese Journal of Population Science prefers research papers, reviews and surveys with high quality in the field of population and related fields. The contents include population theory and policy research, population statistics, population and economy, human resources and labor economy, social security research, population and society, international comparison of population, population and ecological environment, ethnic minority population and family planning theory and practice, etc.
Narrowing the regional inequality of green total factor productivity is an important task for the harmonization of regional development in the high-quality development stage. By adopting DMSP/OLS nighttime light data as a proxy of good productivity, this paper uses the Malmquist productivity index to measure green total factor productivity and analyzes its regional inequality and influencing factors empirically in China. The results are as follows. Firstly, China’s green total factor productivity is low and there is a long way to go before realizing high-quality development. Secondly, the regional inequality of green total factor productivity is increasing. There are two key missions in order to narrow the regional inequality of green total factor productivity. One is to strengthen the inter-regional coordination of high-quality development and another is to narrow the regional inequality of technological progress. Thirdly, economic development, rationalization of industrial structure, and marketization all have positive effects on green total factor productivity, while factor endowment structure and energy consumption structure have negative effects. Based on the above conclusions, this paper provides recommendations for promoting the inter-region synergy of green total factor productivity in China.
On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up, the paper reviews the difficult processes and great achievements since the establishment of the social security system, and analyzes the origin and motivation of its reform. The main contributions of social security to economic and social development are that it is helpful to make enterprises as real market players and individuals as free laborers, and the social security system becomes a regulator of market economy and a safety net for social stabilization. The paper summarizes the successful experiences and remaining problems about the system. Paradoxically, it argues that both experiences and problems result from multipoint trial and error. The paper puts forward the following four points on the orientation for future social security reforms: to change the rapid expansion of social security to high quality development, to solve the existing problems of insufficiency and imbalance of social security as soon as possible, to make the top-level design of the social security play a vital role in the supply-side structural reform, and to apply the actuarial balance principle in social security reform.
Using the data of National Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey in 2015, the paper describes the health status and characteristics of the elderly migrant population in China, and fits a binary logistic regression model to examine how individual factors, traits of migration, medical factors, and socioeconomic characteristics affect health status of the elderly migrant population. The results show that the current elderly migrants in China are mainly the younger elderly, and their overall health is good. However, there are substantial health differences by gender, age, educational level, medical insurance participation, daily exercise time, income level, financial resources, and migration-related factors. This implies that elderly migrants have some health risks. Therefore, the government should take some measures to deal with this issue. Specifically, the government should optimize the health information management system for the elderly migrants, improve the quality of community health services profoundly, and expedite the implementation of cross-provincial reimbursement mechanisms of medical expenses. The paper also suggests that the government should pay special attention to the support of the elderly migrants.
Based on Urban and Rural Population by Age and Sex data of United Nations, this paper examined the trends and differences in the population urbanization process by age group, in the developed, less developed, and the least developed countries from 1950 to 2015. The study found the following. (1) The process of urbanization differs substantially among different age groups. (2) As the economy develops from the least developed to less developed, urbanization shows a clean age priority with those aged 20–29 acting as the pioneers of urbanization. The age-specific urbanization shows an inverted U shape, with the peak age of 20–29. (3) Over the development process from less developed to developed economy, around the inflection point of about 50% urbanization level, there are significant quadratic characteristics of various characteristic indexes of the age-specific urbanization curve. This paper concluded that the age-related difference in urbanization results from different market preferences among age groups and inconsistent changes of the urban-rural gap.
Based on the data from the rural household sample of China Family Panel Studies in 2010, 2012 and 2014, the paper analyzes the level of rural households’ asset poverty and its causes. The main conclusions are as follows. First, as the income poverty rate continued to drop, the level of asset poverty showed a downward trend, followed by an upward one. More than half of rural households were in poverty as measured with net financial assets. Second, while the income poverty gap ratios remained at 11% over the three waves, the asset poverty gap ratios showed a significant growth trend. Third, the asset poverty rates vary with the traits of household heads and family characteristics. The impact of house ownership on financial poverty differs from that on other asset poverty. Fourth, the changes in the household asset in rural China have a single equilibrium rather than multiple equilibriums. Fifth, families impoverished for at least two waves are mainly in structural poverty. Other families fall into poverty randomly, and may switch between poverty and non-poverty randomly. Sixth, health shock and government subsidy had a negative impact on the accumulation of assets. Based on the above conclusions, this paper proposes the policy suggestions of combining “individual development account” with the subsistence allowances system, promoting the development of micro-finance in rural areas, and improving the transformation of government subsidy policies to asset accumulation.
Employing the methods of logical deduction and mathematical analysis, the paper analyzed the effects of agricultural labor’s transfer on reducing rural poverty. Four mechanisms are proposed as follows: to increase non-agricultural income through non-agricultural employment, to increase agricultural income by promoting scale operation of land, to improve farmers’ earning ability by increasing their human capital stock, and to improve farmers’ influences on policy making by reducing the agricultural population. The paper used econometric analyses to test these mechanisms empirically. The results show that the transfer of Chinese agricultural labor significantly reduces poverty incidence and plays a vital role in poverty reduction in the rural areas. Meanwhile, the average years of education among rural labor force, national financial support for agriculture, rural finance, and rural infrastructure construction have important impacts on rural poverty reduction. In order to strengthen the poverty reduction effect of transferring agricultural labor force in the new era, it is necessary to promote the urbanization of transferred rural population, to deepen the reform of rural land system and that of the national financial and monetary systems, and to implement differentiated poverty alleviation policies.
