Study on Correlation Between the Plant Type Structure and Yield Components of Machine-picked Cotton Varieties in Southern Xinjiang

ZHENG Juyun;WANG Junduo;ZHANG Zekun;LIANG Yajun;GONG Zhaolong;AI Xiantao;GUO Jiangping;MO Ming;LI Xueyuan

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2020,Vol 57,No. 04

[Objective] To analyze the plant type structure and yield traits of different upland cotton varieties and to clarify the characteristics of plant type structure and yield components of high-yield and high-quality machine-picked cotton varieties. [Method] We determined the plant type traits and yield traits of different machine-picked cotton varieties. Based on significance analysis of difference and correlation analysis, we studied the characteristics of plant type, yield components, and plant type-yield correlation of several machine-picked cotton varieties. [Result] The seed cotton yield was in insignificantly positive correlation with the plant height, internode length of the main stem, number of fruit branches, and number of fruit nodes and in negative correlation with height of first node of fruit branch. The plant height was in significantly positive correlation with the height of first node of fruit branch and in extremely significant correlation with the internode length of the main stem. Variety 17N11 had pyramid structure, intact leaves at the base of the main stem, the highest yield, and the largest plant height. Variety 17N13 had the most leaves on the main stem and 17N5 had the smallest leaf abscission rate. For all the cotton varieties, the angle between the stem and fruit branches gradually increased from the top, while the variation showed the opposite trend (upper > middle > lower). The area of leaves on the main stem decreased from the top and the variation showed the opposite trend (upper > middle > lower). [Conclusion] High-yield varieties of machine-picked cotton should have the following traits: small angle between the stem and fruit branches (upper < 32.0°, middle < 50.0°), large total area of main stem leaves (> 320 cm 2), and small abscission rate of leaves at the middle and lower parts of the main stem (lower < 20%), which are the basis for selection of machine-picked cotton in plant type breeding.