Journal of Beijing Sport University is a monthly publication sponsored by General Administration of Sport of China. Journal of Beijing Sport University incorporates the rich experience of class teaching, academic research and training experience in sports field. The journal has several columns such as sports social science, sports psychology, human sports science, physical education and so on.
School physical education policy is an important part of promoting the development of school physical education. This paper uses the literature method and expert interview method, takes the perspectives of clarity, rationality, coordination, stability and fairness, and adopts the transaction cost theory to analyze the problems in the school physical education policy-making and the implementation of the policy so as to find solutions. It is found that there are mainly three problems facing the physical education policy making in China: first, the policy making mode has long been biased towards gradualism, and it is difficult to adapt to the needs of school physical education development in China; second, policy makers are at a disadvantage in the information access channels and face difficulties in obtaining accurate information; and third, policy makers are aware of the preferences of the policy stakeholders and the realistic conditions of the policy, but it is difficult for them to change such a situation completely. Based on the above problems, this paper proposes three ways to improve the quality of the policy formulation: first, establishing an authorization mechanism for flexible content in school physical education policies, and improving the innovation of local policy making; second, improving the bottom-up information feedback channel to make it accurate and transparent improve the information feedback channels from the bottom up to make them accurate and transparent; and third, strengthening the theoretical level and practical experience of school physical education policy makers and building a school physical education policy think tank.
The report of the 19th National Congress of the CPC firstly put forward the idea of carrying out the national fitness activities extensively, which summarized the new orientation, new functions and new goals of sports in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics and thus attracted wide attention from sports circles and all walks of life. By using the documentation and scene-driven methods, this paper makes a practical materialism analysis of the national fitness’s historical logic, goal setting, practice form, social function and thinking mode of the transition from sport to activities, puts forward the theoretical framework of comprehensive fitness activities with people’s good life as the starting point and the purpose, and explores the action path of national fitness activities in accordance with economic and social development. This paper also put forward the roadmap of promoting national fitness activities in the new era: the first is the top design, namely, formulating the development program of national fitness activities in line with economic and social development; the second is scientific organizations, which refer to the interdisciplinary efforts to study the inherent laws and characteristics of healthy lifestyle; and the third is the implementation by forming a unified fitness activity system marking the coordination of multi-subject participation and multiple values. The proposition of the important concept of national fitness activities is a significant change of the concept of national fitness in the new era, and a fundamental adherence to the work of national fitness in the new era. It will promote the change of the main contradictions in the new era and deepen the understanding of the development strategy of socialist sports with Chinese characteristics.
Beyond the narrow perspectives only based on sports or rule of law, this paper attempts to comprehensively analyze the improvement of China’s discourse power of rule of law in international sports by an interdisciplinary methodology. In value identification, the value of the international discourse power of sports in improving the overall discourse power of the nation needs to be rediscovered and released urgently. In the construction of the concept, the discourse power of rule of law in international sports should be systematically expounded from connotation, denotation, and constituent elements. From the perspective of legal innovations，we should break through the Western theories of discourse power represented by Gramsci, Foucault and Bourdieu, integrate them into the reality of the sports rule of law in China, and extract two legal concepts, namely, the community theory and the sports governance theory. On the path selection of improving the discourse power, this paper puts forth two paths, namely, internalization and externalization by empirical analysis on the current situation and causes of the lack of discourse power in China’s sports rule of law. Specifically speaking, participations in the rules-setting of internalized discourse power in sports could be enhanced by three aspects, namely, the good law and good governance of sports, the cultivation of sports talents, and the effect of international rules; the discourse power of the externalized participations will be strengthened by expanding the influence of Chinese sports law, improving its external binding effect and enhancing its foreign cooperation．
In the new historical period of realizing the modernization of education, promoting the construction of a powerful country in education, sports and health, this paper takes the important events and time nodes of the reform and development of school physical education as the research objects by using the methods of documentation and interview. This paper scientifically, institutionally and systematically reviews the development of school physical education in the past 40 years since the reform and opening up, expounds the new orientation of school physical education work under the background of the new era, and looks forward to the trend of school sports reform and development in China from a new perspective. The research concludes that the 40 years of reform and development of school physical education can be summarized into four stages: adjustment and restoration, consolidation and improvement, reform and exploration, and deepening and perfection. Next, Chinese people should study and implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the CPC and the spirit of the National Education Congress, adhere to the principle of cultivating people through moral education, follow the national strategy, and grasp the law of development. In this way, China can continue to deepen the comprehensive reform of school physical education in aspects like teaching, training, competition, and condition guarantee, so as to contribute to the improvement of education quality and the comprehensive reform and development of school physical education.
The policy tool is an effective means to achieve policy objectives. Taking the comprehensive school physical education policy since the reform and opening up as the research object, this paper, using the content analysis method and the policy tool perspective, constructed the analysis framework from the policy tool dimension and the development element dimension of school physical education, and carried out a quantitative analysis on the school physical education policy. It is found that the imperative tools are overused in school physical education policy, and the use of symbolic and suasive tools, incentive tools and system-changing tools is absent; the combination of policy tools in school physical education development elements is obviously different; and the precise matching of development elements and tools needs to be optimized. The suggestions include increasing the use of incentive tools, symbolic and suasive tools, and system-changing tools in school physical education policy, strengthening the application of policy tools in physical education teachers and venues facilities, and improving the supply of policy tools in extracurricular sports activities and after-school sports competitions. This paper aims to achieve the ultimate goals of improving the effectiveness of China’s school physical education policy, optimizing the top-level design of school physical education policy, and providing targeted policy guidance.
