Journal of Beijing Sport University is a monthly publication sponsored by General Administration of Sport of China. Journal of Beijing Sport University incorporates the rich experience of class teaching, academic research and training experience in sports field. The journal has several columns such as sports social science, sports psychology, human sports science, physical education and so on.
This study explored the motivations and restrictive factors for mothers with two children to participate in sports activities under the background of the two-child policy in China. A parallel hybrid method combining quantitative research with qualitative research was used in this study. Totally 106 mothers with two children were recruited in this study and finished the quantitative survey, and 33 of them also finished the qualitative research. The results of quantitative research showed that: first, nearly 60% of mothers had a normal body mass index (BMI); walking (68%) was the most frequently mentioned form of physical activity, followed by yoga and gymnastics (19%); there was no significant correlation between the volume of physical activity described by themselves and their BMI. Second, the results from statistical data analysis of the KPAS scale showed that the main influencing factors were time limitation, maternity needs, economic level, insufficient energy and physical strength, insufficient motivations and interest in sports, and lack of sports skills. Qualitative analysis result showed that: first, the motivations of mothers with two children to participate in sports activities included promoting health, maintaining mental state, losing weight and shaping body; second restrictive factors included lack of time, physical strength and energy, lack of sports skills and fitness habits, lack of support from family members, and care about their own image; third, the ways to overcome the restrictive factors were to make use of fragmentary time, seek support and fully realize the importance of sports activities; and fourth, mothers with one child and mothers with two children have generally the same motivations and restrictive factors only different in degrees in participating in sports activities, but they choose different types of physical activity. So the conclusions include: first, most of the mothers with two children have low level of daily physical activity, which means it is difficult for them to achieve the purpose of promoting physical and mental health; second, mothers with two children and with different socioeconomic status have significant differences in motivation intensity and degree of support for participating in physical activities; third, the implicit social environment factors affect the participation level of mothers with two children in physical activities; and fourth, there are multiple differences in motivations and restrictive factors of physical activities before and after the second children was born.
Based on the survey data of urban and rural residents’ physical exercises carried out by the General Administration of Sport of China in 2001, 2007 and 2014, the authors use an extended linear expenditure system (ELES) model as an analytical tool to carry out an empirical analysis on the dynamic changes of the structure of urban and rural residents’ sport consumption by using the methods of literature review and mathematical statistics. The results show the following. The shares of different components in sport consumption structure in 2001, 2007 and 2014 showed significant differences (X
2 = 268.7, P < 0.01); and the structure of sport consumption changed significantly. The marginal propensity to consume sports fluctuated slightly. In 2014, 2007, and 2001 it was 0.120 959, 0.159 686, and 0.074728, respectively. In terms of income elasticity, the coefficients of income elasticity of demand for diversified sport consumables for personal development and entertainment, such as sport magazines and newspapers, game-watching, and other sport consumables were greater than 1. And the growth rate of demand for these sport consumables exceeded the growth rate of income. These sport consumables became the hot spots in urban and rural residents’ consumption. In terms of price elasticity, the coefficients of self price elasticity of demand for various types of sport consumables were between -0.358 579 and -0.715 792. If the price of a sport consumable increased, the demand for the consumable would be affected. The coefficients of interactive price elasticity of demand for various types of sport consumables were between -0.000 049 and -0.033 99. The coefficient of interactive price elasticity of demand for venue rent and coach hire was the greatest, and its price change could have certain impact on the demand for other categories of sport consumables. Finally, the authors propose realistic paths to promoting the optimization and upgrading of the structure of urban and rural residents’ sport consumption, which is of great significance for promoting the growth of sport consumption and optimizing sport consumption structure.
The purpose of this study was to analyze Su Bingtian’s sprint technique in the last ten meters of the 100m sprint in the 2018 IAAF Shanghai Diamond League so as to obtain the key parameters and to give Su Bingtian correct evaluations and suggestions on the sprint technique. By doing so, it can help him improve his technical sprint ability in the 100m race. The methods of experiment, video panoramic technique analysis, literature research, and expert interview were used in this study. The key technical parameters of Su Bingtian’s last ten meters’ sprint were obtained, and the correct sprint technical suggestions were given. At the same time, the implications of Su Bingtian’s progress were summarized and evaluated. The conclusions are as follows. First, in the 100m race of 2018 IAAF Shanghai Diamond League, Su Bingtian’s shoulder was lowered early in the final ten meters’ sprint, which led to an increase in the step length, a change in the running rhythm and technique. Eventually, he won the silver medal by a margin of 0.01s. Second, Su Bingtian’s step lengths in the last ten meters’ sprint were mainly 2.27m, 2.29m, 2.30m, and 2.41m. It can be seen that his step rhythm was obviously disturbed. The average speed of his last 10 meters was 11.11 m/s, which was slower than that of the champion Reese Prescod’s 11.49 m/s. Third, the sports video panorama analysis technology can obtain sprinters’ step length, time, angle and average speed very scientifically and accurately. It can truly show the characteristics of athletes’ sport technical structure. It has good application value and guiding significance for scientific research of track and field events. Fourth, the implications of Su Bingtian’s progress were as follows: digital and intelligent scientific training is the inevitable trend and direction of the future competitive sports development; elder athletes can also achieve better performance and competitive ability; the body height is not the determinant of sprint performance; and the traditional racial theory or the idea of the dark-skinned people running faster is wrong and unscientific.
Under the trend of global sustainable development, the sustainable development of Olympic legacy is not only related to the reform process of Olympic Movement, but also affects the long-term healthy development of host cities and regions. Based on the sustainable strategy and Olympic legacy strategy issued by the IOC, taking the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics legacy as the research object, this study analyzed the unique value of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics legacy from the perspective of sustainable development and discussed its sustainable development with the method of literature review. Research suggested that the development indicators of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics legacy and the IOC’s sustainability strategy would be integrated, and the effect would be of great value in promoting the fair development of the Olympic Movement in the generation. Direct beneficiaries of the legacy are the host city, region and country, Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics legacy will promote urban sustainable development through the path of pre-planning, medium-term development, and post-inheritance. The sustainable development of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics legacy must correctly deal with the relationship between tangible heritage and ecological environment, intangible heritage and human and social relations. Through rational planning, relying on activities, this paper uses science and creates a wide range of strategic partnerships to achieve environmental, economic and social sustainability, so as to achieve the goal of sharing Olympic heritage within and between generations. From the planning and design of heritage to the long-term exertion of heritage effect, from the concept of sustainable development to the practice of sustainable development, sustainable development will further expand the radiation space of the heritage of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
By means of literature research and field investigation, taking the Being Winter Olympics Cames into the Beijing Cycle as an opportunity, this paper explores the effect of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games on promoting the coordinated development of ice-snow tourism in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and its development strategies. It shows that: the effect of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games on promoting the development of ice-snow tourism in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei is obvious, and it is manifested by the increase in number and quality of ice-snow venues in Beijing, the remarkable increase in the influence of the continuous international ice-snow events and the domestic ice-snow events on promoting the development of ice-snow tourism, and the remarkable effect of the integration of ice-snow tourism. Cooperative development of ice-snow tourism in Tianjin has clear objectives, and has made clear results in releasing new vitality through deep and intensive cultivation; the construction of ice-snow tourism livelihood project has been carried out soundly; and the deep integration of ice-snow tourism and culture has brought dividends. The number of ski resorts and skating rinks in Hebei province has been increasing year by year. The development of ice-snow tourism with Zhangjiakou as the core has obvious location advantages, and the development of ecological ice-snow tourism has achieved remarkable results. The authors, therefore, propose to build the ice-snow sports industry chain in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, to promote the sustainable development of the economic ecosphere of ice-snow tourism in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. Moreover, this paper also proposes to build a diversified public service system of ice-snow tourism in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei under the guidance of the concept of all-for-one tourism development, and to construct a perfect coordinated development strategy of ice-snow tourism resources and the environment in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, so as to enhance the effect of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games on promoting the coordinated development of ice-snow tourism in the places.
As a political tool of the ruling class in feudal society, the military official selection system’s ups and downs coexisted with its advantages and disadvantages. This study analyzed the historical evolution of the military official selection system by the method of documentation to reflect the ideas, cultural concepts, and values of it at different times. The results are as follows. The establishment of the military official selection system had changed the practice of selecting only literati not those who practiced
Wushu to be officials, perfected and developed the ancient imperial examination system, and provided a precedent for future generations. The failure of selecting talents in the military official selection system showed that the system had lost its vitality, and had seriously affected the improvement of national physical quality and hindered the development of
Wushu. Tracing back to the origin, it can be seen that the social status of the warriors in history is low, the division of civil and military affairs was not rationalized, and the martial spirit in China has thus been lost. With the deepening of the national crisis in modern times, the upsurge of the reform of the military official selection system and the emergence of military schools directly weakened the social impact of the military official selection system and led to the end of it. Enlightenments to the development of Wushu include the following aspects. Chinese
Wushu should trace its origin, value practices, and return to the real core of it. It should conform to the basic law of social progress, attach importance to the accumulation and transformation of local culture, remove the false and retain the true, enrich the theoretical system of Chinese
Wushu, and innovate the promotion mode. Only in this way can Chinese
Wushu meet the challenges brought by globalization and realize its sustainable development.
