Journal of Beijing Sport University is a monthly publication sponsored by General Administration of Sport of China. Journal of Beijing Sport University incorporates the rich experience of class teaching, academic research and training experience in sports field. The journal has several columns such as sports social science, sports psychology, human sports science, physical education and so on.
Using public management theory and new public management theory, this study defined public sport service, basic public sport service, mass fitness public service, and mass fitness public service system by the methods of literature review, expert interview, and field investigation. Based on the analyses of connotation, constitution, and basic traits of public service system of fitness for all, this paper analyzed its standardization and implementation way. Conclusions: as an important politic arrangement for national strategy, public service system of fitness for all must be institutionalized and standardized. The system must be non-secretive and standard to build up a good public service system. We hope that this study will have some theoretical and practical meaning for improving public service ability construction of government sport department, modeling a fine image of government, and satisfying public service demand of fitness for all.
Combat offers core power for Wushu development. Currently, the main course design of Wushu and Chinese traditional sports major reflects constructive weakness. Based on this situation, Beijing Sport University firstly opened Wushu combat course as a mandatory course in China. This paper systematically explored issues concerning the construction of Wushu combat course based on analysis of current situation of Wushu combat course opening and course construction in combination with traits of the major and social requirement by the methods of literature review, questionnaire investigation, and expert interview. Conclusions are as follows: opening Wushu combat course has produced some good results, but some problems are exposed and need further improvement, such as, some course objectives are too high, the practical course content is not consistent enough, teaching hours are not sufficient, there is a lack of customized teaching methods, and pertinent textbooks are also lacking. Accordingly, this research has reestablished course objectives for specialized students and compiled pertinent course content. It is suggested that the teaching syllabus be further improved, the teaching content unified, the teaching methods customized, teachers further trained, and more relative textbooks compiled.
Human need is the driving force of human development. Human development process is the one that human needs are constantly produced and consistently met. This study tried to definite essential connotation of sports cultural need, then to proof the dialectic unity relationship between sports cultural need and human development, and to reveal the important function of sports cultural needs in human development in the perspective of cultural philosophy by the method of literature review. The conclusion is that sports cultural need is important in human needs. People can satisfy their needs of health, freedom, self-actualizing, self-improvement and self-transcendence through sports and other related forms. Sports cultural need, which has intrinsic unity with sports and human development, is a proof of human essential power. The process in generation and satisfaction of sports cultural need is also the process of discarding “in itself” and “alienation” of sports and achieving comprehensive development of human freedom.
This paper analyzes historical changes of opening ceremony performances of the modern Olympic Games by methods of expert interview, literature review, video analysis and history analysis. The purpose of this study is to explore mechanism, law and trend of the development of Olympic Games’ opening ceremony performances, and provide new perspectives for Olympic Games studies. The study results show that, based on the time differences, modern Olympic Games’ opening ceremony performances can be divided into five phases, namely, budding phase, early phase, mature phase, change phase and diversification phase. The influential mechanism of the historical changes of opening ceremony performances is mainly reflected by four aspects, namely, the value orientation of the Olympic Games, the containment of social, politic and economic factors, the infiltration of cultural and artistic trends and the introduction of technologies. The corresponding historical implications include preserving Olympic spirits and core values, evading politicization and commercialization and developing toward the harmony and diversification direction against the current background.
Various sports behaviors essentially show the sports value orientation of the practical subjects. Each kind of sports value orientation stands for a type of sports value. Study on the sports value type can not only further clarify the internal relationship between sports values, but also can make the subject of sports practice clearly understand the objectives and significance of participating in sports activities, so that the true value of sports can return to sports practice. This paper analyzes the classification of sports value from the dimensions of social structure and value structure by the methods of literature review and logical analysis. The results shows that the two kinds of classification of sports value which are based on social structure elements and human value have inner correlation; the human value system is comprised of meta-value, instrumental value and consumer value; the meta-value of sports is education value which embodies the educational value of sports; the economic value belongs to the instrumental value of sports which embodies the value of sports to promote the development of human and social productive force; the cultural value and political value of sports belong to the consumer value of sports which embodies the realization value of sports to human social life.
This paper analyzed regional distribution of Wushu culture and regional characteristics of typical boxing in Gansu by the methods of literature review, expert interview, field investigation and comparative analysis. The results showed that the ‘West Spear East Stick’ distribution pattern was formed by the influence of farming and stock-breeding. Gansu was located in the frontier of these two kinds of agriculture in the historical period. Bamen Boxing, Apocalypse Stick, and Kezi Stick as the representatives of local Wushu have well retained ancient Wushu elements and have shown the primary and rustic regional characteristics as a result of the isolated geographical environment, poor transport infrastructure, conservative thoughts and underdeveloped economy during that period. These factors have hindered the communication and transmission of Wushu in Gansu which preserved its traditional and natural scene. This study provided a supplement for China regional Wushu studies.
In order to promote the development of sports coaching in China and make it intosynchronic transition after knowledge introduction, discipline construction and question debate, this paper discusses its discipline content, research paradigm and knowledge construction by the methods of literature review, expert interview and logical analysis. Conclusions are as follows. 1) In discipline content, it will realize the transform from system construction to issues concernfirstly, and then from issues concern to relationship focus. 2) In research paradigm, it will realize the transform from descriptive research to empirical research, and then from empirical research to expositive research. 3) In knowledge construction, it will realize the transformation from discipline attachment to discipline marriage firstly, and then from discipline marriage to discipline endogenous. 4) China sports coaching transformation must be double transformation, diachronic development path is insufficient for development of sports training in China.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to observe the change of EEG before and after Taichi by brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM), for providing references to understand neural mechanism of Taichi. Methods:EEG signals were collected before Taichi(rest state), immediately after Taichi, and rest state after Taichi, their power of different waves was calculated. Results: Compared with rest state, the power of the slow waves (δ, θ, α1) in more than 60% of brain areas decreased while the fast waves (α2, β1, β2) in more than 70% of brain areas increased in immediately after Taichi exercise, and the total power in six brain areas increased. In recovery state after Taichi, the power of the slow waves (δ, θ, α1) in more than 70% of brain areas increased while the fast waves (α2, β1, β2) in more than 70% of brain area decreased, the total power in five brain areas decreased. Conclusions: Taichi can increase the power of fast wave (β), decrease the power of slow waves (δ, θ), and the increase of β wave focused on right cerebral area, which can improve the coordination of both sides of cerebrum. Compared with rest state before Taichi, the power in 70% of brain areas increased in rest state after Taichi, which indicates that Taichi can be used as a relaxation method for athletes. The power in immediately after Taichi and in rest state after Taichi increased, which improved the regulation function of autonomic nervous system on visceral activities.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the impact dynamics of floor exercise landing by investigating the simulation precisions of different rigid-body models. Methods: Five rigid-body models with 19-segment (model 1), 16-segment (model 2), 14-segment (model 3), 13-segment (model 4), 12-segment (model 5) and floor exercise landing mats model were established, and were used to do simulation of impact dynamics. Results: Except model 4, all rigid-body models gain the knee angle curve which is similar to kinematic result. Considering the angles of hip, knee and ankle, ground reaction force (GRF) and the time to get peak GRF, model 3 is the best one to reproduce the real performance of floor exercise landing. The peak torque of knee extensor is decreased from model 1 to model 5 one by one, and model 1 has the largest torque (281 N·m). The peak torque of knee flexor is increased from model 1 to model 5 one by one, and model 5 has the largest torque (48 N·m). Conclusions: Model 3 has the highest precision and can reproduce the real sports. Flexion angle of knee has an obvious influence on peak torques of extensor and flexor.
